Deep Learning in Natural Language Processing

author: Jason Weston, NEC Laboratories America, Inc.
author: Ronan Collobert, NEC Laboratories America, Inc.
published: Jan. 19, 2010,   recorded: December 2009,   views: 2511
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Slides

Slides
0:00 Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing
0:06 Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing (Disclaimer)
0:27 A Brief History Of Machine Learning
0:39 In the beginning: discovery of the Perceptron
1:17 The Quest to Model Nonlinearities
1:45 They Discovered Multi-Layered Perceptrons
1:58 They were so excited they kept trying more and more things...
2:03 And more and more things...
2:20 Even though they hadn't reached the complexity of the only known intelligent thing in the universe (the brain)
2:30 They decided what they were doing was too complex..
2:40 A new Perceptron network!
3:07 Life was Convex
3:21 Learning Representations
3:48 Multi-tasking: sharing features
4:49 Semi-supervised learning: Transductive SVM
5:27 Feature Engineering
6:12 Scalability
7:35 IDEA! Rebrand Neural Nets" - "Deep Nets"
8:02 Putting it all together
8:39 This Talk: The Big Picture
10:45 Part II: NLP Labeling
11:01 Natural Language Processing Tasks
12:21 NLP Benchmarks
14:42 Complex Systems (1)
15:26 Complex Systems (2)
15:51 NLP: Large Scale Engineering (1)
16:38 NLP: Large Scale Engineering (2)
17:10 NLP: Large Scale Machine Learning
18:32 Chapter II: The Networks
19:02 Neural Networks
20:14 Words into Vectors (1)
20:51 Words into Vectors (2)
22:16 Window Approach
23:53 Sentence Approach (1)
26:05 Sentence Approach (2)
26:40 Training
29:25 Word Tag Likelihood (WTL)
30:53 Sentence Tag Likelihood (STL) (1)
32:35 Sentence Tag Likelihood (STL) (2)
32:36 Sentence Tag Likelihood (STL) (3)
34:22 Supervised Benchmark Results
36:38 Supervised Word Embeddings
38:07 Chapter III: Lots Of Unlabeled Data
38:27 Ranking Language Model
40:39 Training Language Model
42:13 Unsupervised Word Embeddings
42:44 Semi-Supervised Benchmark Results
44:36 Chapter IV: Multi-Task Learning
44:38 Multi-Task Learning
45:25 Multi-Task Learning Benchmark Results
46:05 Chapter V: The Temptation
46:28 Cascading Tasks
47:49 Cascading Tasks Benchmark Results
48:21 Variance
50:20 Parsing
51:52 SRL Benchmark Results With Parsing
52:36 Engineering a Sweet Spot
53:47 SENNA Speed
54:23 SENNA Demo
55:25 Conclusion

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Description

This tutorial will describe recent advances in deep learning techniques for Natural Language Processing (NLP). Traditional NLP approaches favour shallow systems, possibly cascaded, with adequate hand-crafted features. In constrast, we are interested in end-to-end architectures: these systems include several feature layers, with increasing abstraction at each layer. Compared to shallow systems, these feature layers are learnt for the task of interest, and do not require any engineering. We will show how neural networks are naturally well suited for end-to-end learning in NLP tasks. We will study multi-tasking different tasks, new semi-supervised learning techniques adapted to these deep architectures, and review end-to-end structured output learning. Finally, we will highlight how some of these advances can be applied to other fields of research, like computer vision, as well.

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