Lecture 2: 1D Kinematics - Speed - Velocity - Acceleration

author: Walter H. G. Lewin, Center for Future Civic Media
recorded by: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT
published: Oct. 10, 2008,   recorded: September 1999,   views: 11577
released under terms of: CC BY-NC-SA
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Description

1. Introduction to 1-Dimensional Motion:

Professor Lewin describes 1D motion of a particle. He talks about average velocity, the importance of "+" and "-" signs, and our free choice of origin.

2. Average Speed vs. Average Velocity:

The two are VERY different. The average velocity can be ZERO, while the average speed is LARGE.

3. Instantaneous Velocity:

Considering the incremental change in position x with time t, we arrive at v=dx/dt. The instantaneous velocity is the derivative of the position with respect to time. Professor Lewin reviews when the velocity is zero, positive and negative; he distinguishes speed from velocity.

4. Measuring the Average Speed of a Bullet:

Professor Lewin shoots a bullet through two wires. The average speed can be calculated from the distance between the wires and the elapsed time. All uncertainties in the measurements are discussed; they have to be taken into account in the final answer.

5. Introducing Average Acceleration:

The average acceleration between time t1 and t2 is the vectorial change in velocity divided by (t2-t1).

6. Instantaneous Acceleration:

The acceleration, dv/dt, is the derivative of the velocity with time. It is the second derivative of the position x with time. Professor Lewin shows how to find the sign of the acceleration from the slope in an x-t plot.

7. Quadratic Equation of Position in Time:

When the position is proportional to the square of the time, the velocity depends linearly on time, and the acceleration is constant.

8. 1D Motion with Constant Acceleration:

Professor Lewin writes down a general quadratic equation for the position as a function of time, and he relates the constants in this equation to the initial conditions at time t=0. The gravitational acceleration is a constant (9.80 m/s^2 in Boston), and it is independent of the mass and shape of a free-falling object, if air drag can be ignored (see Lecture #12). You can use this result to measure g using the free fall time measurements from the falling apples in lecture 1. 9. Strobing an Object in Free Fall: Professor Lewin drops an apple from 3.20 m and takes a polaroid picture of the falling apple which is illuminated by a strobe light. First two light flashes per second, and then ten flashes per second.

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Reviews and comments:

Comment1 Fred, December 14, 2009 at 9:03 p.m.:

awesome!


Comment2 Rahul Bhambure, January 17, 2010 at 7:42 a.m.:

Very Very GOOD LECTURE


Comment3 rames, August 4, 2010 at 12:01 p.m.:

well !
if i get chance i d b lik dat!


Comment4 Apostolis, September 10, 2010 at 1:53 a.m.:

Excellent presentation by Dr. Lewin, even a dummy like myself can grip it.
One important observation:
the lecture is easily understood even by a non native english language speaker very well.


Comment5 aliabaskhan, March 17, 2011 at 8:14 a.m.:

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Comment6 Fangfang Dong, June 16, 2011 at 5:03 a.m.:

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Comment7 Michaelangelo, June 8, 2012 at 3:56 p.m.:

Very nice lectures!But can anybody help how can I download them?


Comment8 priya, October 27, 2012 at 4:07 p.m.:

very very useful... hope to enter MIT one fine day.......

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