Lecture 8: Universal Hashing, Perfect Hashing
recorded by: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT
published: Feb. 10, 2009, recorded: October 2005, views: 6965
released under terms of: CC BY-NC-SA
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Description
"Hashing. Today we're going to do some amazing stuff with hashing. And, really, this is such neat stuff, it's amazing. We're going to start by addressing a fundamental weakness of hashing. And that is that for any choice of hash function There exists a bad set of keys that all hash to the same slot. OK. So you pick a hash function. We looked at some that seem to work well in practice, that are easy to put into your code. But whichever one you pick, there's always some bad set of keys. So you can imagine, just to drive this point home a little bit..."
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Reviews and comments:
Cool lecture.
But I have 2 points which I would want to understand:
- the constructed set of universal hash functions do not seem to be easily computable (namely, in O(1) time) or is it?
- in the proof of universality of dot-product hash functions: what happens when x=<x0,...,xr> and y=<y0,...,yr> differ in more than 1 digit?
Wow, this is an excellent lecture.
Can I have more of your lectures on LSH?
Thanks.
Ruben Buaba
NCA&T State University
@Nodir:
- if the prime m is large, i.e. proportional to the size of the universe, then we can compute h in O(1), assuming that we can do constant size operations with such large numbers, which is reasonable. The cost is log_m(u).
- in the proof it is not assumed that x and y differs in exactly 1 digit, we only need that they differ in at least one digit and w.l.o.g. it is assumed that at index 0 they differ.
I don't understand how the cardinality of a set can be a fraction, at the Universal hashing definition. Is it implying |H| = km ?
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