Evolution and How Microbes See It / Evolucija z vidika mikrobov

author:Jan Kuever, Bremen Institute for Materials Testing
published: Nov. 9, 2009,   recorded: October 2009,   views: 37
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Slides

Slides
0:00 Evolution and how microbes see it
1:16 Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
1:44 Bremen Institute for Materials Testing - 1
2:14 Bremen Institute for Materials Testing - 2
3:33 Service and Research Topics
4:12 Microorganisms (MO)
4:37 Phylogenetic Tree of Life
5:43 Early earth conditions
6:25 Early pathways
8:52 Problems
9:40 Hyperthermophile biofilms and mats
10:40 Scheme: timescale
11:59 SPP 1144
12:37 What still needs to be done, how and when?
14:11 Next steps I:
15:33 Anoxygenic photosynthetic mats
15:50 Microorganisms of the sulfur cycle: sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) and sulfur-oxidizing prokaryotes (SOP)
17:05 Next steps II:
17:57 Oxygenic photosythetic mats and stromatolites
18:11 Interaction of organism all over the world
18:27 Open ocean situation
18:57 What you should know about MO part I
19:26 What you should know about MO part II
20:04 Where can you find microorganisms (MO) and why are they so successful?
20:48 Why are surfaces attractive for MO?
21:23 MO in space station
22:08 Tested materials
23:04 Surfaces
23:43 Formation of biofilm
24:40 MIC by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)
25:24 Example
26:16 Traditional model: corrosion in the absence of oxygen
26:48 Traditional model
26:54 Direct mechanism: removal of hydrogen
27:11 Indirect mechanism: attack by sulfide produced by SRB
27:47 New corrosive sulfate-reducing bacterium „Desulfobacterium corrodens“
28:21 New results
28:54 Fluorescence-labeled bacteria cells on metal surfaces
29:15 Fungi in an anodizing bath
30:25 Fungi in a metalworking fluid system - 1
32:01 Plastic materials
33:09 Important:
35:13 Examples: fungi
35:29 Example: bacteria
35:54 Thank you very much for your attention!

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Description

With the beginning of life under early Earth condition the microorganisms developed metabolic pathways for energy regeneration and carbon assimilation. Due to stepwise improvements new developments were introduced resulting finally in microbial life forms of today, more or less stable geochemical cycles and a remarkable changed world. For humankind a very minor fraction of today’s microorganisms can cause medical problems. Most of them are essential members of the ecosystem World and for human beings directly or indirectly of great importance. Nevertheless, there are several new habitats introduced by us which are invaded by them and where they cause major problems.


Z začetkom življenja, v pogojih na zgodnji Zemlji, so mikroorganizmi razvili metabolne poti za pridobivanje energije in asimilacijo ogljika. S postopnimi izboljšavami so razvijali nove lastnosti, čemur so sledili razmah mikrobnih oblik življenja, kot ga poznamo danes, bolj ali manj stabilni geokemični cikli in močno spremenjen svet. Za zdravje človeštva je nevaren le zelo majhen del današnjih mikroorganizmov. Večina jih je pomembnih gradnikov svtovnega ekosistema in so neposredno ali posredno izjemno pomembni za človeka. Ne nazadnje, naselili so nekatera nova prebivališča, ki smo jih razvili mi, in tam lahko povzročajo resne težave

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